Understanding Systemic Mastocytosis Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

What is Systemic Mastocytosis?

Systemic mastocytosis is an uncommon disorder characterized by an excessive accumulation of mast cells in one or more organs of the body. Mast cells are the type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions and inflammation. Systemic mastocytosis can result in a variety of symptoms, depending on its severity and which organs are affected.

Symptoms of Systemic Mastocytosis

The symptoms of systemic mastocytosis vary greatly depending on its severity and which organs are affected. Common symptoms include skin rashes, abdominal pain, flushing of the skin, fatigue, chest pain, and digestive problems. Other less common symptoms include headache, fever, muscle weakness, shortness of breath, and joint swelling. In some cases, systemic mastocytosis can affect the brain and cause cognitive impairment.

Causes of Systemic Mastocytosis

The exact cause of systemic mastocytosis is unknown, but it is believed to involve a genetic mutation. In some cases, a person may be born with the mutated gene, while in others the mutation is acquired through exposure to certain environmental factors. Some people may have a combination of the two.

Treatments for Systemic Mastocytosis

The treatment for systemic mastocytosis is largely dependent on the severity of the disease and the organs involved. Common treatments include medications to reduce inflammation, antibiotics, and antihistamines. In more serious cases, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplants, and surgery may be recommended. In some cases, lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers that can cause an allergic reaction may be beneficial.