First Fatal Case of Alaskapox Virus: What We Know So Far

The Kenai Peninsula in Alaska has witnessed a landmark medical event: the first known death from the Alaskapox virus. This recently discovered virus, related to other orthopox viruses such as smallpox, cowpox, and monkeypox, claimed the life of an elderly man in January, sparking concern and a renewed focus on understanding this rare disease.

Discovering the Alaskapox Virus

The Alaskapox virus was first identified in a patient in Fairbanks, Alaska, in 2015. Since then, six additional cases have been reported in the state. The virus primarily occurs in small mammals, with red-backed voles and shrews being the most common carriers. Importantly, no human-to-human transmission has been documented thus far. People who develop skin lesions possibly caused by Alaskapox are advised to keep the affected area covered with a bandage. The primary symptoms include skin lesions, swollen lymph nodes, and joint or muscle pain.

The Alaskapox Virus: Its Hosts and Symptoms

The Alaskapox virus is maintained in and spread by populations of small mammals, particularly voles. All seven identified human cases have been linked to wooded areas and contact with small mammals. There is evidence that Alaskapox has been circulating in small mammal populations for decades, and it is expected to be detected across the boreal forest. However, the strain found in the Kenai man is distinct from the strain found in the Interior region of the state, indicating the virus might be more widespread in Alaska than previously thought.

First Fatal Case of Alaskapox

The first known fatal human case of the Alaskapox virus occurred in an elderly man on the Kenai Peninsula. The man had a history of a drug-induced weakened immune system which likely contributed to the severity of his illness. His condition initially improved after treatment, but he soon suffered from delayed wound healing, respiratory and kidney failure, resulting in his death. It is suspected that the source of the man's exposure to the virus was a stray cat he had cared for, which had scratched him.

Understanding and Preparing for the Alaskapox Virus

The discovery of the Alaskapox virus and its first fatal case highlight the need for more information sharing, monitoring, and lab work to understand and prepare for possible disease spread. As the virus is related to more dangerous viruses that cause monkeypox and smallpox, it is crucial to keep a close eye on its development and spread. Healthcare providers who suspect Alaskapox virus infection are encouraged to contact the Alaska Section of Epidemiology.

In conclusion, while the Alaskapox virus remains a rare disease, its potential for harm is evident. With the first recorded death due to the virus, it has become more critical than ever to understand its spread and behavior, particularly in relation to small mammals. As we continue to learn more about this unique virus, the health community and public must remain vigilant, working together to mitigate its impact.