Mauritania update on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever

As of March 14, the World Health Organization (WHO) announces six confirmed instances of human Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in the African nation of Mauritania, including two fatalities.

A polymerase chain reaction test (PCR) verified a case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) on 4 February 2022 at the Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique in Nouakchott, Mauritania; the WHO said.

 The 52-year-old male patient is a farmer from the department (moughataa) of Koubeni in the area (wilaya) of Hodh Elgharbi. He presented with epistaxis and hematemesis and sought treatment at five health institutions in Kubeni and Nouakchott between January 27 and February 4, 2022.

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is a common illness, and Bunyaviridae-family tick-borne virus (Nairovirus) causes this. The CCHF virus produces severe viral hemorrhagic fever epidemics, and10–40% cases are fatal.

Animals get infection through bites of infected ticks, and the virus stays in the system of the infected animals for approximately a week.  When another tick bites, it enables the tick-animal-tick cycle to live and continue. may  The CCHF virus infects a variety of tick species, but only the ticks of the genus Hyalomma are the primary carrier.

 When humans get tick bites or contact with infected animal blood or tissues during and soon after slaughter the CCHF virus spreads. Most of the cases are seen in persons working in the livestock and their business. They usually include the farmers, slaughterhouse employees, and veterinarians.  Transmission is theoretically feasible from human persons to human persons.